Sleep Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
arkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease relating to progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantianigra. The diagnostic criteria of PD were defined in a clinico-pathological study proposed by United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Society (UKPDS) in 1988. The consequence of degeneration of these neurons is depletion of dopamine in the central nervous system. Therefore, patients diagnosed with PD will exhibit clinical symptoms of dopaminergic depletion such as motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). Motor symptoms in PD have been recognized in terms of four cardinal characterizing features; resting tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. Recently, NMS, such as autonomic dysfunctions, fatigue, pain, sleep disorders, hyposmia, abnormal behaviors and neuropsychiatric manifestations have become increasingly recognized. NMS occur in up to 60 percent of patients with PD. Some of the most common NMS are sleep disorders. The significant impact of sleep disorders on Sleep Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
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